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These commands will work with most (if not all) distributions
of Linux as well as most implementations of Unix. They're the
commands that everybody knows. To be able to navigate in
Linux, you should become familiar with these.
Navigation
Navigating around the files and directories of your hard
drive could be a dreaded task for you, but it is necessary
knowledge. If you were a user of command prompt interfaces
such as MS-DOS, you'll have little trouble adjusting. You'll
only need to learn a few new commands.
cd
The cd command stands for
changes directories. To change
directories just type:
rac z:~: cd ..
ls
The ls letters stand for
list. It basically works the same
way as the dir command in DOS.
Typing ls will give you a listing
of all the files in the current directory. If you're new to
Linux, chances are that the directories you are commonly in
will be empty, and after the ls command is
run, you aren't given any information and will just be
returned to the command prompt (the shell).
To view the "hidden" files in Linux use the
-a flag with the ls command, i.e.
ls -a.
To view more information about the files in a directory, use
the -l flag with ls. It
will show the file permissions as well as the file size,
which are probably what are the most useful things to know
about files.
You can put flags together, so to view all the files in a
directory, show their permissions/size, and view all the
files that way through the subdirectories, you could type
ls -laR.
To show folders and colors, type in ls --color
-lF . This will show the folders in dark blue,
symbolic links in light blue, and executable files in bold
face.
pwd
This command simply shows what directory you're in at the
moment. It stands for "Print Working Directory".
Copyright © 1997-1999 Joshua Go
(jtg@computers.iwz.com). All rights reserved. Permission
to use, distribute, and copy this document is hereby granted.
You may modify this document as long as credit to me is
given.
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